SAP UNIT 4 LOGISTIC Lesson
3 Production
- Jelaskan proses production
Manufacturing
process in SAP, will begins from order creation, machine occupancy, order
release, order printing, material staging, order execution, confirmation and
last good receipt.
- Bagaimana mySAP ERP membantu perusahaan mengelola produksinya?
With
support for all manufacturing strategies for business in the discrete process
and customer products industries, mySAP ERP helps enterprise manage the full
range of manufacturing activities, from planning to execution and analysis, in
a single, end-to-end system.
Just In
Time merupakan filosofi pemanufakturan yang memiliki implikasi penting dalam
manajemen biaya. Ide dasar Just In Time sangat sederhana, yaitu berproduksi
hanya apabila ada permintaan atau dengan kata lain hanya memproduksi sesuatu
yang diminta, pada saat diminta, dan hanya sebesar kuantitas yang diminta.
Prinsip
dasar Just In Time adalah peningkatan kemampuan perusahaan secara terus menerus
untuk merespon perubahan dengan minimisasi pemborosan. Terdapat empat aspek
pokok dalam konsep Just In Time yaitu :
·
Menghilangkan semua aktifitas atau sumber yang tidak memberikan
nilai tambah terhadap produk dan jasa.
·
Komitmem terhadap kualitas prima.
·
Mendorong perbaikan berkesinambungan untuk meningkatkan
efisiensi.
·
Memberikan tekanan pada penyederhanaan aktivitas dan peningkatan
visibilitas aktivitas yang memberikan nilai tambah.
Kanban merupakan alat untuk mencapai cara produksi dengan
pendekatan Just In Time. Kanban sistem yaitu, suatu kartu perintah produksi
yang berfungsi untuk mengontrol inventory, bentuk kanban adalah semacam kartu
vinil segi empat yang dimasukkan ke dalam kantong plastik transparan dan
ditempatkan pada palet tempat komponen suku cadang atau material. Melalui Kanban, dapat tercapai suatu sistem
fleksibel yang sesuai dengan konsep JIT, dalam proses produksi yang sekaligus
dapat mengakomodir kebutuhan pelanggan dengan tetap mencapai laba maksimal bagi
perusahaan (Cullen, 2002), (Rooney and Michael, 2005). Sistem tersebut telah
cukup luas dikenal didalam dunia produksi di Negara Jepang, khususnya dalam
perusahaan Toyota sebagai pemakarsa sistem tersebut dan telah diterapkan di
Indonesia.
- Gambarkan proses produksi (delapan tahap)
- Jelaskan multiple forecasting model and strategy
Multiple
forecasting models and strategies can assit you in masking the best choice.
Models are selected through the system using built in intelligence, while mySAP
ERP continuously checks the validity of the model.
- Sales Operation demand
Generates
sales palns and/or production plans using forecast values and requirements from
the sales information system and costing /profitability analysis as inputs for
determining requirements.
- Demand management
Connects
forecasting functionality with production schedullinh, also etermines
requirements quantities and dates for finished products and assemblies based on
the plans from SOP.
- Master Production Planning
Detailed
planning of replenishment schedules for required components. The output of MRP
is either a planned order or a purchase requisition.
- MRP I
Master
Requirement Planning (MRP I) is the detailed palnning of replenishment schedule
for required components. The output of MRP is either a planned order or a
purchase requisition.
- Sales and operation planning
Sales
and Operation Planning (SOP) generates sales plans and production plans using
forecast values and requirements from the sales information system and costing
/profitability analysis as inputs for determining requirements.
- Demand management
In
Demand Management forecasting, functionality is connected with production
scheduling. Requirement quantities and dates for finished products and
assemblies based on the plans from SOP.
- Master Production Scheduling
allows
for critical resources or top level itmes to be palnned ith extra attention.
MPS is either an optional step in the palnning process.
- Master Requirement Planning (MRP)
Detailed
planning of replenishment schedule for required components. The output of MRP
is either a planned oreder or a purchase requisition.
- Manufacturing Execution
Includes
several step : creation and release of a production order, goods isusues of
components, confirmation of production activity, and goods receipts of the
finished goods.
- Order Settlement
Allocation
of costs from the production order to another object
- Sales and Operation planning
Generates sales plans and production
plans using forecast and requirements from the Sales Information System and costing/profitability
analysis as inputs for determining requirements. The requirements are reflected
in the system as planned quantities of a product over a given period of time,
and are not necessarily created on the basis of a customer requirement.
- Bill of Material
A bill
of materials (sometimes bill of material or BOM) is a list of the raw
materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, components,
parts and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product. No
physical dimension is described in a BOM.
- Production Order
The production
order is the central data object in shop floor control and manufacturing
execution. The production order contains all data relevant to production
objectives, material components, required resources, and costs.
- Proses dalam production order
Prdoduction orders
are usually created from planned orders. The complete process includes several
steps:
ü Creation
and release of a production order
ü Goods
issue of components
ü Confirmation
of production activity
ü Goods
receipts of the finished goods
- Jelaskan creation and release of a production order
Once
you have set the order status to Released, you can print shop floor papers,
issue matereials from stock and confirm operations. Before you release a
production order, you have to make sure that suuicent manufacturing capacity is
available. You can use the graphic Planning to get an overview of your
short-term orders and release production orders.
- Goods issue of components
- Confirmation of production activity
Operation
order to get feedback to the delivery of sales order process
- Goods receipts of the finished goods
Explaining
the activities of production order confirmation note from the company that
brought out for bookings
- Apa yang dapat dilakukan setelah me-release production order?
- Jelaskan Graphic planning table
You can
use the Graphic planning table to get an overview of your short term orders and
release production orders.
- Order confirmation
Explain
that production order confirmations record internal activities carried out for
the order.
- Jelaskan yang bisa dicatat oleh order confirmation
A
confirmation can record the following : quantity produced by operation,
personnel, production dates, goods movements and amount of activity.
- Jelaskan manfaat dari order confirmation
A
confirmation can reduce capacity on the work center, update cost, and/or
automatically trigger the GR of the manufactured goods.
- Types of completion confirmation
·
Milestone completion confirmation,
·
Standard completion confirmation,
·
Normal completion confirmation,
·
Collective completion confirmation,
·
Completion confirmations at order header level,
- Milestone completion confirmation
Milestone
completion confirmation, the system confirs all preceding operations, including
sub-opearations, up to the previous milestones. mySAP ER bases confirmations on
reported quantities and standard times.
- Standard completion confirmation
Standard
completion confirmation, the operations are confirmed using target values
- Normal completion confirmation
Normal
completion confirmation, you conduct individual completion confirmations,
seeing target values as defaults. The system allows you to overwrite all input
values so you can report variances in the production process.
- Collective completion confirmation
Collective
completion confirmation, the system displays a fast entry screen where you can
enter multiple operations to confirm
- Completion confirmations at order header level
Completion
confirmations at order header level, orders can be confirmed at order header
level, which can drive the automatic backflush of material consumption for all
operations, if you so choose.
- Good receipt
Good
receipts to stock can be automatically posted when you confirm the last operation
in a production order. Alternatively, you can report them in a separated
transaction.
- Settlement
Explain
that settlement of a production order means the actual costs incurred for the
order are sttled (posted) to one or more receiver cost-objects (to account for
the material produced or to a sales order).
